OPERATORS IN JAVA

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We are going to discussing about Operators in Java

Operator in java is a symbol that is used to perform operations. For example: +, -, *, / etc.

There are many types of operators in java which are given below:

• Unary Operator,
• Arithmetic Operator,
• Shift Operator,
• Relational Operator,
• Bitwise Operator,
• Logical Operator,
• Ternary Operator and
• Assignment Operator.

Java Operator Precedence

Operator TypeCategoryPrecedenceUnarypostfixexpr++ expr--prefix++expr --expr +expr -expr ~ !Arithmeticmultiplicative* / %additive+ -Shiftshift<< >> >>>Relationalcomparison< > <= >= instanceofequality== !=Bitwisebitwise AND&bitwise exclusive OR^bitwise inclusive OR|Logicallogical AND&&logical OR||Ternaryternary? :Assignmentassignment= += -= *= /= %= &= ^= |= <<= >>= >>>=

Java Unary Operator

The Java unary operators require only one operand. Unary operators are used to perform various operations i.e.:

• incrementing/decrementing a value by one
• negating an expression
• inverting the value of a boolean

Java Unary Operator Example: ++ and —

1. class OperatorExample{  
2. public static void main(String args[]){  
3. int x=10;  
4. System.out.println(x++);//10 (11)  
5. System.out.println(++x);//12  
6. System.out.println(x–);//12 (11)  
7. System.out.println(–x);//10  
8. }}  

Output:10 12 12 10

Java Unary Operator Example 2: ++ and —

1. class OperatorExample{  
2. public static void main(String args[]){  
3. int a=10;  
4. int b=10;  
5. System.out.println(a++ + ++a);//10+12=22  
6. System.out.println(b++ + b++);//10+11=21  
7.   
8. }}  

Output:22 21

Java Unary Operator Example: ~ and !

1. class OperatorExample{  
2. public static void main(String args[]){  
3. int a=10;  
4. int b=-10;  
5. boolean c=true;  
6. boolean d=false;  
7. System.out.println(~a);//-11 (minus of total positive value which starts from 0)  
8. System.out.println(~b);//9 (positive of total minus, positive starts from 0)  
9. System.out.println(!c);//false (opposite of boolean value)  
10. System.out.println(!d);//true  
11. }}  

Output:-11 9 false true

Java Arithmetic Operators

Java arithmatic operators are used to perform addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division. They act as basic mathematical operations.

Java Arithmetic Operator Example

1. class OperatorExample{  
2. public static void main(String args[]){  
3. int a=10;  
4. int b=5;  
5. System.out.println(a+b);//15  
6. System.out.println(a-b);//5  
7. System.out.println(a*b);//50  
8. System.out.println(a/b);//2  
9. System.out.println(a%b);//0  
10. }}  

Output:15 5 50 2 0

Java Arithmetic Operator Example: Expression

1. class OperatorExample{  
2. public static void main(String args[]){  
3. System.out.println(10*10/5+3-1*4/2);  
4. }}  

Output:21

Java Left Shift Operator

The Java left shift operator << is used to shift all of the bits in a value to the left side of a specified number of times.

Java Left Shift Operator Example

1. class OperatorExample{  
2. public static void main(String args[]){  
3. System.out.println(10<<2);//10*2^2=10*4=40  
4. System.out.println(10<<3);//10*2^3=10*8=80  
5. System.out.println(20<<2);//20*2^2=20*4=80  
6. System.out.println(15<<4);//15*2^4=15*16=240  
7. }}  

Output:40 80 80 240

Java Right Shift Operator

The Java right shift operator >> is used to move left operands value to right by the number of bits specified by the right operand.

Java Right Shift Operator Example

1. class OperatorExample{  
2. public static void main(String args[]){  
3. System.out.println(10>>2);//10/2^2=10/4=2  
4. System.out.println(20>>2);//20/2^2=20/4=5  
5. System.out.println(20>>3);//20/2^3=20/8=2  
6. }}  

Output:2 5 2

Java Shift Operator Example: >> vs >>>

1. class OperatorExample{  
2. public static void main(String args[]){  
3.     //For positive number, >> and >>> works same  
4.     System.out.println(20>>2);  
5.     System.out.println(20>>>2);  
6.     //For negative number, >>> changes parity bit (MSB) to 0  
7.     System.out.println(-20>>2);  
8.     System.out.println(-20>>>2);  
9. }}  

Output:5 5 -5 1073741819

Java AND Operator Example: Logical && and Bitwise &

The logical && operator doesn’t check second condition if first condition is false. It checks second condition only if first one is true.

The bitwise & operator always checks both conditions whether first condition is true or false.

1. class OperatorExample{  
2. public static void main(String args[]){  
3. int a=10;  
4. int b=5;  
5. int c=20;  
6. System.out.println(a<b&&a<c);//false && true = false  
7. System.out.println(a<b&a<c);//false & true = false  
8. }}  

Output:false false

Java AND Operator Example: Logical && vs Bitwise &

1. class OperatorExample{  
2. public static void main(String args[]){  
3. int a=10;  
4. int b=5;  
5. int c=20;  
6. System.out.println(a<b&&a++<c);//false && true = false  
7. System.out.println(a);//10 because second condition is not checked  
8. System.out.println(a<b&a++<c);//false && true = false  
9. System.out.println(a);//11 because second condition is checked  
10. }}  

Output:false 10 false 11

Thanking you

Tech Jitendra